a type of translation in which the translator tries to convey the original meaning of the originating text and does not concern him/herself with retaining much of the original wording
the extent to which a culture maintains a powerful sense of identification with a particular language. u2022 Refers to the individuals subjective perception of the status, demographic characteristics, and institutional support of the language community. u2022 Very high levels of perceived ethnolinguistic vitality mean that numbers of a culture will be unwilling to assimilate their linguistic behavior with other cultures that surround them.